Breakthrough: Surgeons at the University of Goteborg in Sweden practise transplanting wombs at the Sahlgrenska Hospital in Goteborg, Sweden.

Breakthrough: Surgeons at the University of Goteborg in Sweden practise transplanting wombs at the Sahlgrenska Hospital in Goteborg, Sweden. Photo: AP

Stockholm: Nine women in Sweden have successfully received transplanted wombs donated from relatives and will soon try to become pregnant, the doctor in charge of the pioneering project has revealed.

The women were born without a uterus or had it removed because of cervical cancer. Most are in their 30s and are part of the first major experiment to test if it's possible to transplant wombs into women so they can give birth to their own children.

"This is a new kind of surgery," Dr Mats Brannstrom said in an interview from Goteborg. "We have no textbook to look at."

Doctors in Sweden have transplanted wombs into nine women.

Doctors in Sweden have transplanted wombs into nine women. Photo: iStock

Dr Brannstrom, chair of the obstetrics and gynaecology department at the University of Gothenburg, is leading the initiative. Next month, he and colleagues will run the first-ever workshop on how to perform womb transplants and they plan to publish a scientific report on their efforts soon.

He said the nine womb recipients were doing well. Many already had their periods six weeks after the transplants, an early sign that the wombs are healthy and functioning. One woman had an infection in her newly received uterus and others had some minor rejection episodes, but none of the recipients or donors needed intensive care after the surgery, Dr Brannstrom said. All left the hospital within days.

The transplant operations did not connect any of the women's uteruses to their fallopian tubes, so they are unable to get pregnant naturally. But all who received a womb have their own ovaries and can make eggs. Before the operation, they had some removed to create embryos through in-vitro fertilisation. The embryos were then frozen and doctors plan to transfer them into the new wombs, allowing the women to carry their own biological children.

The transplants have ignited hope among women unable to have children because they lost a uterus to cancer or were born without one. Fertility experts have hailed the project as significant but stress it is unknown whether the transplants will result in healthy babies.

AP